• br Funding This work was

  2019-10-09

  

  Funding This work was partly supported by the grant ‘Maria Grazia Cuccoli’ from Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Bologna. Declarations of interest Acknowledgements Introduction The main strategy of oncolytic viral therapy is based on the fact that naturally occurring or engineered virus

• serine protease DDR although normally expressed in cells wit

  2019-10-09

  

  DDR2, although normally expressed in serine protease with mesenchymal features, has also been reported to enhance EMT. In A549 lung cancer cells, TGFβ1 increases the expression of type I collagen and DDR2. Knocking-down COL1A1 or DDR2 with siRNA is sufficient to inhibit EMT and cell migration induce

• Similar to EGFR another receptor

  2019-10-09

  

  Similar to EGFR, another receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), is gaining attention in the lung cancer setting. The protein expression of this receptor has been recently associated with a negative impact on lung cancer prognosis, supporting the idea that FGFR4

• The activity of chromenones bearing heteroaryl

  2019-10-09

  

  The activity of chromenones bearing heteroaryl groups at the 8-position is summarised in . Replacement of the 8-phenyl substituent of by a thiophen-2-yl group ( and ) did not improve DNA-PK inhibitory activity, although the 4-phenylthiophen-2-yl derivative (), together with the bithiophene analogue

• 8602 kinase To date many studies have reported significant

  2019-10-09

  

  To date, many studies have reported significant aberrant methylation patterns in TIMPs in various types of cancer 8602 kinase [[16], [17], [18]]. However, little has been reported on the events that lead to the methylation of TIMPs in the UV-irradiated human skin. Therefore, the objective of this s

• It is common for plants that are

  2019-10-08

  

  It is common for plants that are deficient in P to invest in their roots in order to maximise P uptake from the soil. Here, plants grown in soil amended with OA had a higher root biomass:shoot Parathyroid hormone (1-34) (human) mass ratio compared with plants in the INORG-P treatment. Additionally,

• The selective estrogen receptor modulators SERMs are another

  2019-10-08

  

  The selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) are another type of estrogen receptor ligands. The main difference between SERMs and xenoestrogens relies on the fact that SERMs present functional duality and are able to act both as agonists and antagonists of the estrogen receptors in different t

• FGF ERK signaling has been implicated in epithelial

  2019-10-08

  

  FGF/ERK signaling has been implicated in epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in a wide range of tissues (Huh et al., 2015, Klein et al., 2006, Rice et al., 2004, Zhang et al., 2006, El Ramy et al., 2005, Volckaert and Langhe, 2015). During embryonic organogenesis and in adult organs, we often observ

• chemokine receptor Fusion genes are formed as the result of

  2019-10-08

  

  Fusion genes are formed as the result of either structural chromosomal rearrangement including, primarily, translocation, inversion, amplification and deletion, or non-structural aberrations caused by cis- and trans-splicing or transcriptional read-through. Such events are known to play important ro

• br Disclosure statement br Acknowledgment This work was supp

  2019-10-08

  

  Disclosure statement Acknowledgment This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81270704, 81330018). Background Over-expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is common in many malignancies including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and is associated with po

• br EBV Infection Epstein Barr virus

  2019-10-08

  

  EBV Infection Epstein–Barr virus (EBV, human herpesvirus 4) was discovered 50 years ago, when Epstein, Achong, and Barr used electron microscopy to identify viral particles in Burkitt\'s lymphoma cells. It belongs to the lymphocryptovirus (LCV) genus of the gammaherpesvirus subfamily (Fig. 1A). T

• In humans several different small ubiquitin

  2019-10-08

  

  In humans, several different small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) paralogs can be conjugated to cellular proteins. The human genome codes for five SUMO paralogs (SUMO1–5); of these, SUMO1 and the almost identical SUMO2 and SUMO3 are ubiquitously expressed. Sumoylation is executed by an enzymatic

• In addition to glutamatergic inputs the

  2019-10-08

  

  In addition to glutamatergic inputs, the RTn integrates cholinergic, serotonergic and noradrenergic synapses of fibers coming from nuclei located in the brainstem (Asanuma, 1992, Morrison and Foote, 1986, Pare et al., 1988) involved in the alternating firing mode and in the frequency changes of reti

• br Materials and methods br

  2019-10-08

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-like protein kinases, ATM, ATR, and DNA-PK, have all been implicated in H2AX phosphorylation in response to different stimuli [37], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45]. We show here that H2AX is phosphorylated in rodent and

• It has been shown that DAPK induces cell death through

  2019-10-08

  

  It has been shown that DAPK induces cell death through an increase in DAPK catalytic activity and subsequent phosphorylation of target proteins (Shang et al., 2005, Yamamoto et al., 2002), but its multidomain structure enables also a close physical interaction with other proteins (Bialik and Kimchi,

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