• MAP Ks act at the level of MST

  2022-07-15

  

  MAP4Ks act at the level of MST1/2 to phosphorylate LATS1/2 and regulate the Hippo pathway (Box 1). Of particular interest is the involvement of MAP4K4, a key metabolic regulator [88] and common polymorphisms in the MAP4K4 locus are associated with T2D and insulin resistance [89] in adipogenesis. In

• melatonin receptor agonists In cancer cells HIF upregulates

  2022-07-15

  

  In cancer cells, HIF-1α upregulates HK-II expression by binding to the hypoxia-responsive element in the HK-II promoter region to adapt to hypoxic conditions [20]. In the present study, we observed that mangiferin transiently increased HIF-1α expression in endothelial cells, suggesting another possi

• In this study there is a limitation in

  2022-07-15

  

  In this study, there is a limitation in the study of sex differences. Only female rats were used in our study. This is because the rats cannot urinate autonomously after SCI. Manual s equol emptying was needed until reflex bladder emptying was established (Lu et al., 2008, Ma et al., 2015). Because

• Of xenobiotic quinones thymoquinone methyl isopropyl benzoqu

  2022-07-15

  

  Of xenobiotic quinones, thymoquinone (2-methyl-5-isopropyl-1,4-benzoquinone; Fig. 1) is one of the most thoroughly studied for its pharmacological properties. It is the most active component of Nigella sativa, commonly called black cumin2, 3, the essential oil of the seeds of which are used for trea

• br Disclosure statement br Introduction Nitro phenylethane i

  2022-07-15

  

  Disclosure statement Introduction 1-Nitro-2-phenylethane is the first nitro compound isolated from plants [1]. It is a volatile compound found in the essential oil of various species, and its presence provides a pleasant odor that resembles the cinnamon scent [2]. The biogenesis of 1-nitro-2-p

• Although some PAHs that are human carcinogens have been foun

  2022-07-15

  

  Although some PAHs that are human carcinogens have been found in the sugarcane soot (Zamperlini et al., 1997), there are no data about cancer incidence among sugarcane workers. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an evaluation of internal exposure, comparing the harvesting (wh

• Despite the rapid development of synthetic ligands the endog

  2022-07-15

  

  Despite the rapid development of synthetic ligands, the endogenous ligands of GPR109A, GPR109B and GPR81 remained elusive until recently. This is probably the result of their relatively low potencies and their metabolite character (Table 1). Traditionally, agonists of GPCRs were believed to belong t

• Similar to GPR A activation of G

  2022-07-15

  

  Similar to GPR109A, activation of G-protein-coupled receptor 81 (GPR81, also called HCAR1 (hydroxycarboxylic Propidium iodide synthesis receptor 1)) by lactate suppresses lipolysis (Fig. 1), suggesting GPR81 to be a potential drug target for treating T2DM (Boyd et al., 1974, Cai et al., 2008, Gold

• br RNA preparation cDNA synthesis and RT

  2022-07-15

  

  RNA preparation, cDNA synthesis and RT-PCR Trizol reagent (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) was used to extract total RNA from tissues according to the manufacturer’s protocol and isolated RNA quantity was determined by UV spectrophotometry (Nanodrop, Thermo Scientific, USA) and RNA integrity was v

• Like other RNA viruses HCV

  2022-07-15

  

  Like other RNA viruses HCV also exhibits a high degree of genetic diversity, creating a major challenge for the development of both HCV vaccines and pan-genotypic therapeutics (Timm and Roggendorf, 2007). The virus has a total of seven genotypes, with >50 subtypes and millions of quasispecies (Cuype

• CSL is endowed with an intrinsic transcription repressive fu

  2022-07-14

  

  CSL is endowed with an intrinsic transcription-repressive function, and CAF-effector genes are induced as a consequence of CSL downmodulation (Hu et al., 2012, Procopio et al., 2015), as it can occur upon exposure to pro-carcinogenic stimuli such as UVA or smoke-derived compounds (Menietti et al., 2

• Ability of D Ala GIP to attenuate the

  2022-07-14

  

  Ability of D-Ala2GIP to attenuate the neurobehavioral sequelae in QA-induced Huntington's disease model by reduction in lipid peroxidation, restoration of endogenous antioxidants and decreased striatal monoamine levels is of potential interest. Considerable preclinical evidence now exists of the pot

• In mammals a major physiological role

  2022-07-14

  

  In mammals, a major physiological role of the GHSR gene appears to be in regulating food intake and energy homeostasis by partaking in the neuronal mechanisms involving neuropeptide Y and agouti-related protein (Nakazato et al., 2001, Chen et al., 2017). In our study, determination of the abundance

• Dopamine HCl Piezo channels can be activated by many mechani

  2022-07-14

  

  Piezo channels can be activated by many mechanical stimuli . While some of these stimulations directly mimic physiological forces experienced by Dopamine HCl , such as shear stress applied in a microfluidic chamber, the most commonly used modes of stimulation consist of stretching the membrane by

• uPAR promotes cell associated proteolysis by binding to

  2022-07-14

  

  uPAR promotes cell-associated proteolysis by binding to uPA which locally converts plasminogen into active plasmin [10]. Ligand-engaged uPAR also acts as a potent regulator of cell migration and matrix attachment. Being a membrane receptor, uPAR needs to interact with extracellular matrix (ECM) prot

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